Question
Assalaamualiykum.WW
I have compiled this tree of all major prophets AS which appear in the Quraan and Hadeeth. My main source is the following:
Lanterns of Guidance (Translation by Mufti Elyas Hoosen Afzal)
The prophets in the bottom right section are of different opinions with regards to lineage so I have left them out. The ones which have a Dotted line have missing generation(s). And the lineage of the prophet SAW after Adnaan differs a lot so this particular opinion is of the kitaab mentioned above. Also there is difference of opinion as to whether Hadhrat Luqmaan was a Nabi or a pious man.
Jazakallah
Answer
This is an impressive and noble endeavour. May Allah reward you for your efforts.
There will be difference of opinion in these matters, but the author of the text you have utilised, Maulana Abdurrahman Mazhari, employed classical and traditional sources for their lineages. For example, you have noted that there is a difference of opinion about the Prophet’s ﷺ lineage after Adnan; Yet Maulana Mazhari references Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani for the lineage he produced. You can distribute your image with a reference that it is based on this text, and that is sufficient.
To verify the authenticity of your family tree image, I have consulted the Urdu text of Maulana Mazhari, Sirat-i Anbiya-i Kiram,[1] This is the text Mufti Afzal has translated into English, entitled Lanterns of Guidance. Masha’Allah, I have found the graphic to be 85-90% accurate with a few things to note.
Mistakes – I have noticed a few things that require changing.
- You have listed Dhul Kifl as the son of Yunus. I believe this is a mistake as Maulana writes that some mufassir state that Dhul Kifl is the son of Ayyub (2: 111), not Yunus. Additionally, Maulana states that he may be a disciple of al-Yasa’. It is up to you how you wish to represent this in your image, but the attribution to Yunus, as per the text, appears to be a mistake.
- Madyan is not the father of Shu’ayb. Instead, Madyan is an ancestor of Shua’yb so this arrow should be represented with a dotted line.[2]
- You have written that Nuh’s father is Maalik, whereas Maulana writes Laamik (1: 61).
- You have written that Salih’s forefather is Maashi. It should be written as Maashih, with a Ha at the end (1: 131).
- In Lut and Ibrahim’s lineage you have written Ra’u–Faalih–‘Aamil. According to the text, it should be ‘Aamir (1: 167).
- I have not been able to find the lineage you have written for Yunus in the text, beyond that his father was Matta and he is a descendant of Yaqub (2: 99-100).
Stylish changes
- Due to the way you have chosen to represent harf madd, you should consider changing the following for consistency: Qinaan = Qeenaan; Ra’u = Ra’oo; Haran = Haaran; Eesha = Eeshaa, Adi = ‘Adee.
- You may wish to distinguish between ‘ayn and hamza in your alifs. ‘Aamir, ‘Ubayd, ‘Aabir, ‘Aamir, ‘Uwaynaadhib, ‘Adi as ‘ayn. And Iram, Aaasif as hamza.
Questions:
- I have not been able to understand the Fakhad-Ukhtub-Yasa relationship. The lineage from Harun and Ilyas is correct, and Ifrahim and Yasa‘, but I do not understand these intermediate arrows. The text states Ilyas and Yasa’ are paternal cousins (1: 603); which would make ‘Adi and Yaseen brothers.
- I have added a section from Taqi al-Din al-Subki’s biographical text which lists the lineages of the Prophets.[3] By enlarge, they confirm most of that which is found in Sirat-i Anbiya, with some differences. Notably, the lineage of Salih, Ilyas, Yasa and Dawood are slightly different. Also, stylistically, it appears that many of names seem to end with a ghayn or kha, to represent ha, which represents the Hebrew better. If you wish to incorporate some of these details or names in your graphic, you are welcome to.
However, this is not necessary as you are building this graphic upon a single historical source and that is perfectly valid.
May Allah give you tawfiq and bless your efforts. Remember us in your duas.
[1] Available from: https://islamicbookslibrary.wordpress.com/tag/shaykh-muhammad-abdur-rahman-mazahiri/
[2] Taqi al-Din al-Subki mentions the lineage from Shu’ayb to Madyan. Refer to the footnote bellow.
[3] «الطبقات الكبرى ط العلمية»:-(6-45: 1)
قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ الْكَلْبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: أَوَّلُ نَبِيٍّ بُعِثَ
إِدْرِيسُ.وَهُوَ خَنُوخُ بْنُ يَارِذَ بْنِ مَهْلائِيلَ بْنِ قَيْنَانَ بْنِ أَنُوشِ بْنِ شِيثِ بْنِ آدَمَ.
ثُمَّ نُوحُ بْنُ لَمْكِ بْنِ مُتَوَشْلِخَ بْنِ خَنُوخَ وَهُوَ إِدْرِيسُ.
ثُمَّ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ تَارِحَ بْنِ نَاحُورَ بْنِ سَارُوغَ بْنِ أرغوا بْنِ فَالِغِ بن عابر بن شالخ بن أرفخشد بن سَامِ بْنِ نُوحٍ.
ثُمَّ إِسْمَاعِيلُ وَإِسْحَاقُ ابْنَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ –
ثُمَّ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ.
ثُمَّ يُوسُفُ بْنُ يعقوب بن إسحاق.
ثم لُوطُ بْنُ هَارَانَ بْنِ تَارِحِ بْنِ نَاحُورَ بْنِ سَارُوغَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَخِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ الرَّحْمَنِ.
ثُمَّ هُودُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْخُلُودِ بْنِ عَادِ بْنِ غُوصِ بْنِ إِرَمَ بْنِ سَامِ بْنِ نُوحٍ
ثُمَّ صَالِحُ بْنُ آسِفَ بْنِ كَمَاشِجِ بْنِ أَرْوَمِ بْنِ ثَمُودَ بْنِ جَاثِرِ بْنِ إِرَمَ بْنِ سَامِ بْنِ نُوحٍ.
ثُمَّ شُعَيْبُ بْنُ يوبب بْنِ عيفا بْنِ مَدْيَنَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ الرَّحْمَنِ.
ثُمَّ مُوسَى وَهَارُونُ ابْنَا عِمْرَانَ بْنِ قَاهِثِ بْنِ لاوِي بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ
ثُمَّ إِلْيَاسَ بْنُ تشبين بْنِ الْعَازِرَ بْنِ هَارُونَ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ قَاهِثِ بْنِ لاوِي بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ.
ثُمَّ الْيَسَعُ بْنُ عُزَّيِّ بْنِ نشوتلخِ بْنِ أفرايمِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ.
ثُمَّ يُونُسُ بْنُ مَتَّى مِنْ بَنِي يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ.
ثُمَّ أَيُّوبُ بْنُ زَارِحِ بْنِ أَمْوَصَ بْنِ ليفزن بْنِ الْعِيصِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ.
ثُمَّ دَاوُدُ بْنُ إيشا بْنِ عويذ بْنِ بَاعِرِ بْنِ سَلْمُونَ بْنِ نَحْشُونَ بْنِ عميناذب بْنِ إِرَمَ بْنَ حَصْرُونِ بْنِ فَارِصِ بْنِ يَهُوذَا بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ.
ثُمَّ سليمان بن داود.
ثم زكرياء بْنُ بَشْوَى مِنْ بَنِي يَهُوذَا بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ. ثم يحيى بن زكرياء.
ثُمَّ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ بِنْتِ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ مَاثَانَ مِنْ بَنِي يَهُوذَا بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ.
ثُمَّ النبي. عليه الصلاة والسلام. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ. ذِكْرُ نَسَبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – وَتَسْمِيَةِ مَنْ وَلَدَهُ إلى آدم- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ بْنِ بِشْرٍ الْكَلْبِيُّ قَالَ: عَلَّمَنِي أَبِي وَأَنَا غُلامٌ نَسَبَ النبي. ص: مُحَمَّدٍ الطَّيِّبِ الْمُبَارَكِ ابْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ. وَاسْمُهُ شَيْبَةُ الْحَمْدِ بْنُ هَاشِمِ. وَاسْمُهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ. وَاسْمُهُ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ قُصَيٍّ. وَاسْمُهُ زَيْدُ بْنُ كِلابِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيِّ بْنِ غَالِبِ بْنِ فِهْرٍ. وَإِلَى فِهْرٍ جِمَاعُ قُرَيْشٍ وَمَا كَانَ فَوْقَ فِهْرٍ فَلَيْسَ يُقَالُ لَهُ قُرَشِيُّ يُقَالُ لَهُ كِنَانِيُّ. وَهُوَ فِهْرُ بْنُ مَالِكِ بْنِ النَّضْرِ. وَاسْمُهُ قَيْسُ بْنُ كِنَانَةَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ بْنِ مُدْرِكَةَ. وَاسْمُهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ إِلْيَاسَ بْنِ مُضَرَ بْنِ نِزَارِ بْنِ مَعَدِّ بْنِ عَدْنَانَ
Answered by:
Ifta Research Fellow
Checked & Approved by:
Mufti Abdul Rahman Mangera
Mufti Zubair Patel